This page summarises publicly available NHS information for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or a diagnosis. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
What is shortness of breath?
Shortness of breath (breathlessness) has many possible causes. Common ones include asthma, being overweight, anxiety, chest infections, and being unfit. Sudden or severe breathlessness can be a medical emergency.
When NHS resources suggest seeing a GP
- You have been getting breathless regularly
- Breathlessness is getting worse over time
- You get breathless doing everyday activities
- You have a cough that has lasted 3 weeks or more
Self-care information from NHS
- Breathe slowly in through your nose and out through your mouth
- Sit upright rather than lying flat
- Try to stay calm — anxiety can make breathlessness worse
- Avoid smoking and secondhand smoke
Common questions
When is shortness of breath an emergency?
Call 999 if breathlessness is sudden and severe, you have chest pain, or you are struggling to breathe. Also seek emergency help if your lips or fingers turn blue.
Can anxiety cause shortness of breath?
Yes. Anxiety is a very common cause of breathlessness. Stress activates the body's fight-or-flight response, which can make breathing feel difficult even when your lungs are healthy.
Get personalised NHS information
Describe your specific situation and receive a structured summary of relevant NHS information, tailored to your age, gender, and symptoms.
Check my symptomsFree · ~60 seconds · Not medical advice
Related chest topics
This page is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. NorMed organises publicly available NHS information and is not affiliated with the NHS.