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Worried about polycystic ovary syndrome?

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This page summarises publicly available NHS information for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or a diagnosis. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.

What is polycystic ovary syndrome?

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormone condition affecting how ovaries work. Main features are irregular periods, excess androgen (male-type hormones) causing acne or excess hair, and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. PCOS is linked to insulin resistance, weight gain, and type 2 diabetes risk. It can affect fertility, but many people with PCOS can still conceive with support.

When NHS resources suggest seeing a GP

  • Your periods are irregular, very infrequent, or have stopped.
  • You have excess hair growth on the face, chest, or back.
  • You have persistent acne or oily skin.
  • You're gaining weight easily, especially around the middle.
  • You're struggling to get pregnant.
  • You have a family history of PCOS or type 2 diabetes.
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Self-care information from NHS

  • Keep a healthy weight — even modest weight loss can restore regular periods.
  • Eat a balanced, lower-GI diet to manage insulin resistance.
  • Exercise regularly (mix of cardio and strength training).
  • Track periods in an app to share patterns with your GP.
  • Consider hormonal contraception to regulate periods and reduce androgen effects — discuss options with a GP.
  • Ask a GP about metformin if insulin resistance is an issue, especially if trying to conceive.

Common questions

How is PCOS diagnosed?

PCOS is diagnosed if you have at least 2 of: irregular or absent periods, high androgen levels (on blood test or from symptoms like excess hair), and polycystic ovaries on ultrasound. A GP may also run blood tests to rule out other conditions.

Can I get pregnant with PCOS?

Yes — many people with PCOS conceive naturally, though it may take longer. Weight management, ovulation tracking, and medications like clomifene or letrozole can help. A fertility specialist can offer further options if needed.

Does PCOS increase health risks?

Yes — PCOS is linked to higher risk of type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease, and endometrial (womb) cancer. Regular check-ups, a healthy lifestyle, and managing hormones help reduce these risks.

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This page is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. NorMed organises publicly available NHS information and is not affiliated with the NHS.