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Worried about arthritis?

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This page summarises publicly available NHS information for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice or a diagnosis. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.

What is arthritis?

Arthritis is a general term for conditions that cause pain and inflammation in joints. The two most common forms are osteoarthritis (wear and tear of cartilage) and rheumatoid arthritis (an autoimmune condition). Symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced movement. Early diagnosis and treatment can slow progression and prevent lasting damage.

When NHS resources suggest seeing a GP

  • You have severe pain and swelling in just 1 joint that started suddenly.
  • Your pain does not get better with painkillers, such as paracetamol.
  • The skin around your joint is red or hot (redness may be harder to see on brown and black skin).
  • You have sore joints with a high or low temperature, or you feel hot, cold or shivery.
  • You have sore joints and conjunctivitis, or sore eyes and problems with your vision.
  • You have sore joints and pain when you pee, discharge from your penis or vagina, or a rash or sores on your genitals.
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Self-care information from NHS

  • There are some things you can do to help ease the symptoms of arthritis.
  • Exercise regularly – low impact activities are best, such as swimming, walking, pilates and yoga.
  • Eat a healthy, balanced diet.
  • Keep to a healthy weight – being overweight can put strain on your joints.
  • Do not smoke because it can make your symptoms worse.
  • Do not drink too much alcohol.

Common questions

What's the difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?

Osteoarthritis is caused by cartilage wear and usually affects one or two joints, often after years of use. Rheumatoid arthritis is autoimmune — the body attacks its own joints, usually symmetrically, and can cause damage within months if untreated.

Can arthritis be cured?

There's no cure for most forms of arthritis, but treatments can control symptoms and slow damage. Rheumatoid arthritis can often be pushed into remission with early treatment using DMARDs and biologics. Osteoarthritis is managed with exercise, weight loss, and pain relief.

What are the first signs of arthritis?

Early signs include joint pain, stiffness (especially in the morning or after rest), swelling, and reduced range of movement. If joint symptoms last more than 6 weeks or affect multiple joints, see a GP — early treatment improves outcomes.

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This page is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional about your individual situation. NorMed organises publicly available NHS information and is not affiliated with the NHS.